home

Go to YouTube and open up the following video clip and see an (Awesome Iceberg Breaking) []

1. Why is it dangerous to be near a glacier that is calving (breaking apart and falling down)? I could fall on you, create a huge splash drowning you, create tidal wave type of flood or it can get stuck in a stream

2. Is it safe for cruise ships to get close to calving glaciers? No Open up and view the following video clip to find out what can happen when a ship hits an Iceberg (Iceberg Collision – the real thing!) []

3. What happened? The ship collided with the glacier but the glacier didn’t budge but ruined the boat.

Open up and view the following video clip to find out what can happen to a boat if it is hit by the wave created by a very large calving glacier: []

4. What happened to the boat with the man and his son on board? The boat was brought to shore above the trees by a massive tidal wave that threw them up there and then brought back to the bay after a piece of a mountain came crashing down into the water body.

5. What happened to a couple of other boats that were not so lucky? They were carried by the wave to the open sea where they were wrecked. Open up the following video clips to find out what glaciers sound like (Iceberg movements create eerie songs) []

6. Describe what you think icebergs sound like. I think the iceberg movement sound like wind blowing into a microphone, a ghost type of talking, farting, a race car motor, a car muffler, cicadas, horses, birds chirping

Open up the following video clip to get a look at glaciers, past, present, and what life was like during the last ice age (Giant Glaciers – Wild New World – BBC Planet) []

7. Describe how the Earth today is different from the Earth 13,000 years ago.

There used to be deadly animals where the streets are now, mammoths roamed around, and saber toothed cat, land was covered in ice then-now it is unearth, ice blankets covered North America, glaciers two miles deep covered the land in the past as well.

Intro: When asked the question “where did dinosaur DNA go and is it still present today,” many people are faced with a dilemma. It may be hard to go back millions of years to explain what happened and talk about dinosaurs when none of us was there to see for ourselves. Clearly the answer is yes and in fossils. But with further research and insight onto this topic we can prove our answer even better. Dinosaur DNA can also be found in other animals and insects, amber samples- and some sources say the bones may be a source as well. Since research shows that dinosaurs have morphed into turekeys, the bone structure of both is very similar. The DNA found can help us relive the dinosaur days and piece together the era in which dinosaurs roamed (around from 230-55 million years ago. ) Going back into the past is pretty hard to do but scientists make it possible for us to understand the dinosaurs and whether or not they are still present today. Absolute Dating: Since most dinosaur DNA is found in body tissue, meager to no amounts can be found. The tissue that existed has deteriorated over million of years and radiometric dating is usually used to conclude an absolute date. Radioactive decay work because certain elements are radioactive and decay at a certain length of time. By using half-lives, we can see the amount of time it takes for the parent material to be decay and change into the daughter material through ratios. The unstable nuclei(parent material) undergo processes such as Alpha Emission,Beta Emission, and Electron Capture to become stable(daughter product). By comparing the percent of the parent to the daughter, we are able to calculate a specific age. These methods have produced many dates which we wouldn't have known about in our geological past including the time periods and eras in which dinosaurs existed.







[] [] []

In Station 1 we looked at a rock sample using a magnifying lens and had to draw a close view of the holes. Then we had to go to a website and using the information, we tried determining the environment the rock would have likely came from. The website included information about corals and other reefs. Station 2: This station had 2 rock samples that you had to observe and see what happened when we rubbed our finger against the two samples. One rock,the lighter one, is friable, it tends to break easily and be worn down easily. On the other hand, the other reddish/light brown rock was well cemented and was quite difficult to break apart. Environments may have an affect on the way the rock is cemented.

Station 3: This station had 3 different sandstones, they were all grainy but had differences in color, shape and size. The color of the rock, depended on the cementing agents, one had more iron oxide while the other two had calcite and carbon along with abundant rock fragments. Water carries ions and reduces pore spaces causing water to be squeezed out of the rock.

Station 4: This station had 3 different sand samples that you had to observe, write about them and answer a few questions. The grains ranged from being bigger, to small and then tiny particles and all had a different look.

Station 5: Looking at sandstones we had to determine whether or not the layers were the same minerals, me and my partners decided no because of the color difference, if its feldspar its more orange compared to the white/clear quarts. We determined that the sand grains in sandstone are most likely feldspar because quarts is too hard to be weather down and feldspar is a common mineral.

Station 6: This station had an interesting rock with waves on it. This station was used to see how different environments can effect the look of rocks. For instance the wavelike surface on the sample was probably caused by waves and compression in a beachy area.

Station 7: We had to match samples to their sediments and the environment that they came from in this activity. To help determine this we the sample to its sediments, we could use physical looks, or we could also use the provided HCl. We had to look at the shape of the sediments and particles in the rock- to see if they were rounded or sharp, their color, the size and other physical features.

Station 8: Station 8 had two different samples involved, the peat and the coal. We had to describe and draw both and then visit a few websites to understand the coal formation process. Coal is formed when organic matter(plants, animals, mud) is squeezed together over time.

Station 9: Station 9 was based on cherts. There was the agate chert, the gypsum chert and the jasper chert. You had to figure out the environment and formation for each chert. The mineral composition was different for each and they were all smooth and had no grains- meaning they are nonclastic, specifically chemical.

Station 10: This activity had a large tube full of different grains. The grains came in different sizes and were clay,silt, sand and gravel. As observed, the heaviest thing tend to settle on the bottom while the lighter sediments floats and move upward. The gravel seemed to settle at the bottom, then sand, silt and lastly clay, meaning that the smallest sized grains were the clay ones and the biggest were the gravel ones.

Station 11: This station, helped us learn from the evidence left in certain environments. This evidence including fossils helps us explain much of the past of the certain environment. You can not only find fossils, but also fragments of shells, bones and imprints. Bioturbation is the trace that a critter leaves as it eat or goes through the rock and leaves a print.

Station 12: This station demonstrated how shells and such form fossils, using play-do to resemble the sedimentary rock and the shell to represent the organism leaving the print. You can see that the cast is almost the same but now as visible in details.

Station 13: Station 13 goes over the crinoid, which is an animal that is at the seafloor and looks much like a plant. The crinoid has a few parts in it including the stalk, and roots and such. The stalk happened to be cemented in one of the fossils we observed and that helped show the muddy environment and past of the animal. Station 14: The final station involved looking at 2 samples and answering a few questions about observations. We begin to see that the big, scattered, oatmeal rock reacted to Hcl meaning it has Calcite in it, while the grey rock has seashells of different sizes embedded in it. The rocks are very different but are both surprisingly sedimentary.


 * [[image:file:///C:/Users/User/AppData/Local/Temp/moz-screenshot-3.png]]http://www.digital-photo-web.com/image-files/blue-lagoon-lava-and-steam.jpg

|| Lagoons are pieces of land that are seperated from the whole that is surrounded by water and from the ocean || The sediments that are found in lagoons are muddy and over time form shale, they are also usually rich in organic matter. || || Tidal flats are sandy or muddy areas that lack many organic things but are usually not very aquatic. THey are usually very flat nd drained and close to sea level. || The sediments are usually fine grained, usaully muddy and accumulated on a gradual slope. || || Reefs usually have warm, shallow ocean waters, with algae and coral, and put together with many organisms, the reefs usually separate muddy areas from an actual sea. || Sediments found in the reefs are usually quite big and make up the coral || || Continental shelfs are features that are braod, flat and narrow continental crust || Sediments in teh continental crusts are usually depends on the location, the closed to the shore the smaller the particles get but usually in large loads. || || The continental rise is the sloping feature that conects the ocean bottom to continental shelf. Its made of silts, muds and sand and is very wide. || The sediments are grain sized ,piled up on a slope || || The abyssal plains are at the basin of the ocean, and are a flat area that have a very little slope and is sediment covered. || The sediments are in enormours volumes, varying in size ||
 * http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Tidal_flats.jpg
 * http://www.coralreefinfo.com/images/coral_reef.jpg
 * http://faculty.gg.uwyo.edu/heller/Sed%20Strat%20Class/SedStrat%207/SedStrat7Gifs/ContMargin.JPG
 * http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/earthscience/Hydrology/Hydrology/Oceans/OceanRegions/OceanFloor/ContinentalRise/continentalrise.gif
 * [[image:file:///C:/Users/User/AppData/Local/Temp/moz-screenshot-7.png]]http://www.navmetoccom.navy.mil/pao/Educate/OceanTalk2/images/image4.gif


 * __[[image:http://www.fgmorph.com/images/03/03_25_01.jpg]]

[]__ || An alluvial fan is a triangular deposit of sediment left by a stream that has lost velocity upon entering a broad, relatively flat area like a valley || The sediments come in a variety of shapes and sizes and collect at the bottom. The sediments are not very round either. ||
 * [[image:http://photo.agiweb.org/utils/showimage.php?ID=hhrg07 width="416" height="279"]]

__[]__ || Fluvial Environments move sediments down a certain river path,stream, or other water system usually leading to a sea. || These sediments usually come in large volumes and are usually think and cover large areas. Become more fine grained and more rounded way from the movement. ||
 * __[[image:http://www.soils.umn.edu/academics/classes/soil2125/img/4lcust.jpg]]

[]__ || Lacustrine environments include large lakes, these lakes were in the place where glaciers used to be and ice melted. || The sediments range in size from huge slabs to tiny grains. ||
 * [[image:http://www.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/3699753/2/istockphoto_3699753-desert-sediments.jpg link="http://www.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/3699753/2/istockphoto_3699753-desert-sediments.jpg"]]

__[]__ ||


 * Deserts are hot and dry environments. The desert has little water and nights can get very cold. There is only a few plants and animals that can stand the climate of the desert. || Sediments in the desert include grains of silt embedded in thick sediments ||

__

[]__ || Swamps are usually located in grasslands or woody areas with wet areas and open waters || The types of sediments that can be found in/around swamps include organic particles of plants and animals that settle to the bottle of the still swamp ||

__[]__ || A Delta is at the mouth of a river where it flows into another body of water. Deltas are formed from sediments beign moving along with the river || Sediments like are smaller and fine grained because they are moved long distances. Circular as well || __

[]__ || A Barrier island long, relatively narrow island built up by the action of waves and currents and is used to protect the coast from erosion || Sediments that are found at barrier islands are normally composed of ** sand size ** sediment but in some instances a substantial amount of gravel may be present. ||

Notes Pages:643-647: -Igneous processes make gold,silver, copper,mercury,lead,platinum,nickel -

Mineral Resources Found in Sierra Leon-http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5475.htm Diamonds Iron Ore Platinum: Manganese: Molybdenite
 * Gold**
 * Bauxite**
 * Ilmenorutile**
 * Chromite:**
 * Cassiterite:**

"Diamonds in Conflict." //Global Policy Forum//. Global Policy Forum, 2005. Web. 27 Oct. 2009. [].

Bindenagel, J.D. "Conflict Diamonds." //Diamond Facts.org//. World Diamond Council. Web. 27 Oct. 2009. [].

Fiasco, Lupe. "LupeFiasco-Conflict Diamonds." February 17, 2007. Online video clip. YouTube. Accessed on 27 October,2009. []

"Conflict Diamonds In Sierra Leone." August 13, 2008.Online Video Clip.Youtube. Accessed on 27 October,2009.[]

"What are Blood Diamonds?" //What are Blood Diamonds?// RingEnvy. Web. 27 Oct. 2009. .

Diamonds have been associated with violence and misery. The blood diamonds are about 4% of all of the diamonds found. Diamonds in Angola create deadly problems because of trade adn the mining of them. Not only do diamonds cause problems because rebel groups want controls of diamond rich areas, sell precious gems to support the war, but large companies are involoved in cruel games like arms smuggling.After a preciouus gem was found, in the 1990's a civil war broke out in Angola and had terrible consequences. These diamonds are referred to as blood diamonds.

A journalist is a person who sees an event first hand and experiences it. Through this, they share there experiences with people through writing, and sharing the problem around the world to bring attention to the issue. A journalist witnesses the event and combines facts and research to teach the audience about the problem we are facing. A journalist is there to get information across the people that may not be at the certain place at a certain time.

_ []

_

India,Siberia,Brazil,Northern and Western Australia,China,Arkansas (Crater of Diamond State Park) Colorado and Wyoming,Canada. Diamonds are found in Kimberlite rock or Placer and Alluvial Deposits **
 * 1) Name of the mineral : Diamond
 * 2) Describe the mineral – physical description: A diamond is gemstone that is pretty much perfect and has few weaknesses.A diamond is carbon and is a very beautiful mineral.
 * 3) Image of the mineral – [[image:diamond.jpg]]
 * 4) Describe what the mineral is used for.: Jewelery, Small particles of diamond are embedded in a saw blade, a drill bit or a grinding wheel for the purpose of cutting, drilling or grinding, may be ground into aa powder that is used for polishing,diamond windows, diamond speaker domes, heat sinks, wear-resitent parts. Diamonds are veery useful becuase they are chemical resistant and are the hardest natural substance.
 * 5) Where is the mineral found and mined? What country or countries.
 * South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Angola, Tanzania and Sierra Leone